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For many filmmakers, the Oscars are a pipe dream. But not because they think their movies aren\u2019t good enough.<\/p>\n
The Iranian director, Mohammad Rasoulof, for instance, knew his native country was more likely to jail him than submit his film for the Academy Awards. Iran, like some other countries including Russia, has an official government body that selects its Oscar submission. For a filmmaker like Rasoulof, who has brazenly tested his country\u2019s censorship restrictions, that made the Oscars out of the question.<\/p>\n
\u201cA lot of independent filmmakers in Iran think that we would never be able to make it to the Oscars,\u201d Rasoulof said in an interview through an interpreter. \u201cThe Oscars were never part of my imagination because I was always at war with the Iranian government.\u201d<\/p>\n
Unlike other categories at the Academy Awards, the initial selection for the best international film category is outsourced. Individual countries make their submission, one movie per country.<\/p>\n
Sometimes that\u2019s an easy call. When the category \u2013 then \u201cbest foreign language film\u201d \u2013 was established, it would have been hard to quibble with Italy\u2019s pick: Federico Fellini\u2019s \u201cLa Strada,\u201d the category\u2019s first winner in 1957.<\/p>\n
But, often, there\u2019s great debate about which movie a country ought to submit \u2013 especially when undemocratic governments do the selecting. Rasoulof\u2019s fellow Iranian New Wave director Jafar Panahi likewise had no hopes of Iran selecting his 2022 film \u201cNo Bears\u201d for the Oscars. At the time, Panahi was imprisoned by Iran, which didn\u2019t release him until he went on a hunger strike.<\/p>\n
Rasoulof\u2019s film, \u201cThe Seed of the Sacred Fig\u201d \u2013 a movie shot clandestinely in Iran before its director and cast fled the country \u2013 ultimately was nominated for best international film. But on March 2, it will be at the Oscars representing Germany, the country Rasoulof made his home in after being sentenced to flogging and eight years in prison in Iran.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe film, to a large degree, is now a German film, both because of the distribution company and because of all the people who worked on it post-production, including myself,\u201d said Rasoulof. \u201cI\u2019m a person who\u2019s been ripped of his Iranian national identity.\u201d<\/p>\n
The Oscars are more international than ever. This year\u2019s lead nominee, \u201cEmilia P\u00e9rez,\u201d is the most nominated non-English language film ever. It\u2019s a Mexico-set, Spanish-language film shot outside Paris \u2013 a reflection of how borderless film can be. (It\u2019s France\u2019s Oscar submission.) For the seventh year in a row, a foreign-language film has been nominated for best picture. And for the first time, in fact, there are two up for Hollywood\u2019s top prize: \u201cEmilia P\u00e9rez\u201d and the Brazilian drama \u201cI\u2019m Still Here.\u201d<\/p>\n
The historic 2020 win for \u201cParasite,\u201d the first non-English language best picture winner, wasn\u2019t just, as director Bong Joon Ho called it then, a victory over \u201cthe one-inch-tall barrier of subtitles.\u201d It was the sign of a tectonic shift in the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. To diversify its membership, the academy has in recent years invited hundreds of overseas voters, tipping the Oscar scales. The Academy Awards have gone global.<\/p>\n
And yet the Academy Awards\u2019 marquee category for international cinema, best international film, has been continually criticized as unjust, outdated and subject to political interference. \u201cThe Oscars\u2019 international film category is broken,\u201d wrote film critic Alissa Wilkinson in 2020 for Vox. \u201cNothing short of a total overhaul of the category is order,\u201d wrote Variety critic Peter Debruge in 2022.<\/p>\n
The academy has sometimes tweaked the category, which was renamed in 2020. In 2006, the academy ruled that international submissions no longer needed to be in the language of its home country. Last year\u2019s winner, \u201cThe Zone of Interest,\u201d was a German-language film set at Auschwitz, but marked the United Kingdom\u2019s first best international film Oscar.<\/p>\n
To help guard the process from outside influence, the academy in 2023 specified that each country\u2019s selection committees must be at least 50% composed of \u201cfilmmakers, artists and craftspeople.\u201d But who those people are, and what their subjective sense of national identity might be, has often been questionable.<\/p>\n
This year, one of the most conspicuous absences from the Oscars is Payal Kapadia\u2019s \u201cAll We Imagine As Light,\u201d an Indian drama that numerous critics have named the best film of 2024. It was the first Indian film to play in competition at the Cannes Film Festival in 30 years.<\/p>\n
The Film Federation of Indian instead chose Kiran Rao\u2019s \u201cLaapataa Ladies,\u201d a glossier comedy from Jio Studios that the academy ultimately passed on. FFI president Ravi Kottarakara told the Hollywood Reporter India that the jury, which was all male, felt \u201cAll We Imagine As Light\u201d was like \u201cwatching a European film taking place in India.\u201d<\/p>\n
Kapadia, speaking shortly after that decision, praised the choice of \u201cLaapataa Ladies\u201d while taking issue with the jury\u2019s metric.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhat is Indian? It\u2019s a very big continent that we have,\u201d said Kapadia. \u201cThere\u2019s a lot of Indias. I\u2019m really happy with the film they chose. It\u2019s a really nice film. I liked it a lot. But I feel like these kind of statements, I don\u2019t know what purpose they serve. The committee that made the selection was 13 men. Is that very Indian?\u201d<\/p>\n
\nRancor over the Greek selection process led 20 filmmakers to withdraw their submissions for this year\u2019s Oscars to protest the Greece Ministry of Culture\u2019s sudden replacement of selection committee members.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Rancor over the Greek selection process led 20 filmmakers to withdraw their submissions for this year\u2019s Oscars to protest the Greece Ministry of Culture\u2019s sudden replacement of selection committee members.<\/p>\n
Renos Haralambidis, one of the filmmakers who withdrew his film, told Balkan Investigative Reporting Network: \u201cI believe that the committee that will choose which film will be nominated for the Oscars should be independent of the state, because I believe the less the state in art, the better.\u201d<\/p>\n
The question for the academy is: Does it want this annual drama in the international film category? Should governments, autocratic or not, have any say in what films are in the running for one of the most sought-after Oscars?<\/p>\n
The film academy declined to comment for this article.<\/p>\n
These are issues the Oscars have long been aware of. Sometimes, the academy has even lent a hand to a country making its first submission. That was the case when Bhutan established a selection committee so it could nominated Pawo Choyning Dorji\u2019s 2019 film \u201cLunana: A Yak in the Classroom.\u201d It surprised pundits and received an Oscar nomination, Bhutan\u2019s first.<\/p>\n
What options does the academy have? It could make its own international film selection committee, like those that exist in other categories, and remove governments completely from the process. Some have advocated for expanding the category to 10 nominees, like best picture, and doing away with the one-nation, one-movie rule. Another option: Keep the current system but allow for several academy committee-chosen slots so that political dissidents aren\u2019t ruled out.<\/p>\n
Such changes would surely be welcome news to those who believed France last year should have submitted Justine Triet\u2019s best picture-nominated legal drama \u201cAnatomy of a Fall,\u201d or India ought to have backed the Telugu-language smash \u201cRRR.\u201d Both picked up Oscars in other categories.<\/p>\n
Regardless, it\u2019s clear that geopolitics have increasingly made the best international film award at the Oscars almost as quarrelsome as the rest of our global existence.<\/p>\n
For any peace in the category, you\u2019d have to look to the Latvian entry, \u201cFlow,\u201d an animated animal parable nominated for both best international film and best animated film. While it\u2019s nominated by Latvia, it contains no language, at all, just a few meows and some barking. [AP]<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n